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Any website can be subject to a failure, hacker attack or just a random error, so it is important to always have a backup. Backup is your safety net: by spending just a few minutes setting it up, you can sleep soundly, knowing that your website data is reliably protected. Today we will tell you how to make a backup copy of your website yourself in 2024 and what to pay attention to.

What is a website backup?
A website backup is a complete copy of all your website's important data: files, database, and settings. Essentially, it's a snapshot of the current state of the website that can be used to restore if something goes wrong. Backups help restore a website to working order after serious failures, hacker attacks, or accidental deletion of important data.

Data that is saved during backup Data that is not saved during backup
Site files:
HTML, CSS, JavaScript and other files that form the appearance and structure of pages;

Images, videos and other multimedia resources uploaded to the site;

All installed themes, designs and plugins for the bulk sms marketing content management system (for example, for WordPress, Joomla and other CMS). Cache — temporary files that are used to speed up the loading of website pages and are stored on users' devices. Such data is not critical for restoring the website's operation and can be quickly re-created.

Changes after the last backup. If the backup was made a long time ago, any changes made after the last backup (new content, comments, orders, etc.) will not be saved.
Database:
Posts, comments, user profiles;

User settings, plugin and theme configurations;

E-commerce (if any) - data about customers, orders and purchase history. User session data - such as active user sessions or items added to a shopping cart on a website. This data is usually lost during recovery.
Configuration files:
Server and domain settings, such as wp-config.php, which contain database connection data, access rules, and other site settings;

Event logs. Logs contain information about errors, visits, and actions on the site. They are needed for analysis, not for restoring the site's operation, so logs are usually not included in backups.
As you can see, when backing up, only those files are saved that are necessary to restore the correct operation of the site. Temporary files, such as logs, cache and session data, are usually not copied, since they are not critical for recovery and take up extra space on the disk or in the cloud. It is important to maintain a balance here, saving only really important data. This way, you will not only save storage space, but also be able to make backups more often, since creating copies will take less time.



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Why is it necessary to backup a website?
Some webmasters underestimate the importance of creating backups. It would seem, why copy data every month if the site has protection against hacking, and the site itself is created on the basis of a popular CMS or constructor? However, this is a misconception.

Technical problems with the site can occur at any time, and even a small change in the code can cause a serious failure. If you do not have backups, you will have to spend a long time figuring out how to return the site to working order and restore its previous functionality.

Having a backup copy can be a real lifesaver in a variety of situations. Here are a few reasons why it is really important to make website backups:

Random errors. People are not robots, and they tend to make mistakes. Administrators can accidentally delete important files, and developers can add extra characters to the code that even more experienced programmers will not be able to detect. Backup helps roll back changes and return everything to the place as it was before the moment of passing the "point of no return".
Failed updates. CMS or plugin updates may contain hidden bugs and errors that cause the site to stop working as it should. A backup copy allows you to return to the previous, more stable version of the software and calmly figure out what went wrong.
Server or hosting failures. Technical problems can also occur on the hosting side. It doesn’t matter what caused it: a temporary equipment failure or a natural disaster at the location of the servers — a backup guarantees the possibility of restoring the site or transferring it to another hosting in case of force majeure.
Virus attacks and malware. Hacker attacks exist not only in movies and TV series, website owners face them literally every day. A backup copy allows you to quickly return the site to normal and avoid sanctions from search engines.
How often should you back up and where should you store your data?
It doesn't matter how big your site is. Backups need to be done by everyone - from owners of small landing pages to large sites with a million-strong audience. Another question is how often you need to back up your data. Here it is worth highlighting two types of backups - scheduled and unscheduled.

Scheduled backups should be performed according to a schedule, for example, 1-2 times a month or every week. In order not to forget to perform the next backup, you can use special plugins or specialized services. If configured correctly, they will automatically save data from the site to the selected storage.

The number and frequency of backups depends on how often your site is updated, that is, how regularly new content is added. For example, if you actively blog, you should think about daily backups. Conversely, if your site has not changed for months, then you should not waste time on daily or weekly backups - it will be enough to save copies once every few months or six months. Unscheduled backups are carried out when necessary, for example, when moving a site to another hosting or during a major update. Are you planning major changes to the code, reinstalling plugins or updating the database? In any case, it is worthwhile to play it safe and make a backup copy. If something goes wrong, you can always quickly restore the data.

Keep all copies for the last month, weekly copies for the last few months, and monthly copies for the last year. As needed: before major updates, code changes, reinstallation of plugins and programs, etc.
Corporate websites, landing pages and others - websites with rare updates. Every few months or six months.

Keep all copies made during the year.
Backups can be stored both on physical media (flash drives, hard drives) and in virtual storage (on a remote server or in the cloud). The storage capacity should be selected based on your needs. The more often you make backups and the more information on your site, the more space you will need.

For small sites, 250-500 GB of storage is usually enough, and backups can be stored on your own PC. If this space is not enough, you should think about buying space on a dedicated server. This way, you will additionally diversify the risks, since the files will be stored in several places at once. For example, if your PC breaks down and the hard drive fails, you will not lose data, since a copy is on a third-party server - and vice versa.

Regularly deleting old, unnecessary backups will help you save disk or cloud space. For example, you shouldn't keep backups for every week made a year ago - it's enough to leave 1-2 backups and delete them after a while.

How to properly backup your website
Every webmaster can set up data backup in just a few minutes. You just need to know a few basic ways to do it correctly. We will tell you about this now - we will provide detailed instructions with examples and recommend tools for automating the entire process.
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